Intangiriro yubukonje: Inkomoko yamateka nakamaro kayo mubushinwa 24 izuba

Mugihe ikirere kimeze neza kandi iminsi ikagenda iba mike, inzibacyuho kuva mu gihe cyizuba ikajya mu itumba irangwa nigihe cyingenzi kizwi nka "Intangiriro yubukonje" (立冬, Lìdōng) muri kalendari yukwezi kwabashinwa. Iri jambo ni rimwe mu magambo 24 akoreshwa mu zuba ryakoreshejwe mu binyejana byinshi mu kuyobora ibikorwa by’ubuhinzi, ibikorwa by’umuco, no kwizihiza ibihe mu Bushinwa. Gusobanukirwa inkomoko yamateka yintangiriro yubukonje n umwanya wabyo murwego rwubushinwa 24 bwizuba bitanga ubushishozi mubutaka bukungahaye bwumuco wubushinwa nubusabane bwimbitse na kamere.

 

 

 

Abashinwa 24 Imirasire y'izuba: Incamake

 

Igitekerezo cy’amagambo akomoka ku zuba cyaturutse mu Bushinwa bwa kera, hamwe n’inyandiko za mbere zagaragaye mu nyandiko zo ku ngoma ya Han (206 MIC - 220 GC). Ijambo 24 ryizuba rigabanya umwaka wizuba mubice bihuye nibihe bihindagurika, ibihe byikirere, hamwe nizuba ryubuhinzi. Buri jambo rimara hafi iminsi 15, ryerekana ingingo zikomeye muri kalendari yizuba. Aya magambo ntabwo agaragaza isi karemano gusa ahubwo anayobora nk'abahinzi, abafasha kumenya ibihe byiza byo gutera, gusarura, nibindi bikorwa byubuhinzi.

 

Imirasire y'izuba 24 niyi ikurikira:

 

1.Intangiriro y'Isoko (立春, Lìchūn)

2.Amazi y'imvura (amazi y'imvura, Yǔshuǐ)

3.Gukangura udukoko

4.Sring Equinox (春 Equinox, Chūnfēn)

5.Bisobanutse kandi byiza (清明, Qīngmíng)

6.Imvura Yinshi (古雨, Gǔyǔ)

7.Intangiriro yimpeshyi (Lixia, Lìxià)

8.Gira Byuzuye (小满, Xiǎomǎn)

9.Icyumweru cya Solstice (izuba ryinshi, Xiàzhì)

10.Ubushyuhe bworoshye (小热, Xiǎoshǔ)

11.Ubushyuhe bukomeye (大热, Dàshǔ)

12. Intangiriro yumuhindo (立秋, Lìqiū)

13.Ubushuhe (Ubushuhe bwa nyuma, Chùshǔ)

14.Impanuka yo mu gihe cyizuba (Equinox Autumn, Qiūfēn)

15.Ikime gikonje (Hanlu, Hánlù)

16.Ibimera bikonje (Ibimanuka bikonje, Shuāngjiàng)

17.Intangiriro yubukonje (立冬, Lìdōng)

18.Urubura rworoshye (小雪, Xiǎoxuě)

19.Urubura rwinshi (大雪, Dàxuě)

20.Ibihe bya Solstice (Solstice Yimbeho, Dōngzhì)

21.Ubukonje bworoheje (小 Han, Xiǎohán)

22. Ubukonje bukabije (大汉, Dàhán)

23.Intangiriro y'Isoko (立春, Lìchūn)

24.Amazi y'imvura (amazi y'imvura, Yǔshuǐ)

 

Muri ibyo, Intangiriro yubukonje iragaragara cyane kuko isobanura itangira ryigihe cyubukonje bwumwaka.

 

Inkomoko yamateka yintangiriro yimbeho

 

Intangiriro yubukonje isanzwe yizihizwa ku ya 7 cyangwa 8 Ugushyingo, bitewe numwaka, iyo izuba rigeze ku burebure bwo mu kirere bwa dogere 225. Iri jambo ryizuba ntabwo ryerekana gusa ikirere gihinduka; yuzuyemo amateka n'amateka gakondo yagiye ihinduka mumyaka ibihumbi.

 

Inkomoko yintangiriro yimbeho irashobora guhera mumiryango ya kera yubuhinzi mubushinwa. Nkera ku ngoma ya Zhou (1046–256 MIC), Abashinwa bari indorerezi ku isi, kandi bashizeho gahunda ya kalendari yerekana injyana ya kamere. Intangiriro yimbeho cyari igihe cyabahinzi bitegura ibihe bibi biri imbere. Byari igihe cyo gutekereza no gutegura, kuko abahinzi basuzumaga umusaruro wabo bagategura ibikenewe mumezi yimbeho.

 

Mu bihe bya kera, Intangiriro yimbeho nayo yari ifitanye isano nimigenzo n'imigenzo itandukanye igamije gutuma umusaruro ushimishije mumwaka utaha. Abantu batambiraga imana n'abasekuruza, bagashakira imigisha imiryango yabo nibihingwa. Iyi mihango yakundaga kubamo ibiryo byigihe, byizerwaga ko bitanga imbaraga nubushyuhe mugihe cyimbeho.

 

Akamaro k'umuco Intangiriro y'itumba

 

Intangiriro yubukonje ntabwo ari ibihe byigihe gusa; ni igihe cyumuco wumuco wumvikana mubice bitandukanye byubuzima bwubushinwa. Ijambo rikunze guhuzwa nigitekerezo cyo "kubika ingufu" mumezi yimbeho, haba kumubiri no muburyo bwumwuka. Iki gitekerezo kigaragarira mu buvuzi gakondo bw'Abashinwa, bushimangira akamaro ko kugaburira umubiri no gukomeza kuringaniza mu gihe cy'ubukonje.

 

Imwe mumigenzo izwi cyane ijyanye nintangiriro yubukonje ni ugutegura no kurya ibiryo byihariye. Mu turere twinshi two mu Bushinwa, imiryango iraterana kugira ngo yishimire ibiryo byuzuye bikungahaye ku ntungamubiri n'ubushyuhe. Ibiribwa nkibishishwa, inkono ishyushye, hamwe nisupu zitandukanye ziramenyekana muriki gihe, byerekana ko hakenewe ubushyuhe nibitunga uko ubushyuhe bugabanuka.

 

Usibye imigenzo yo guteka, Intangiriro yubukonje nigihe cyo guterana mumiryango nibikorwa byimibereho. Abantu benshi bafata umwanya wo gusura abavandimwe n'inshuti, bagashimangira umubano rusange no gusangira urugwiro rw'ubusabane. Uku kwibandaho kumuryango nabaturage biranga umuco wubushinwa, kandi Intangiriro yimvura itwibutsa akamaro kayo masano.

 

Intangiriro yubukonje mugihe cya none

 

Mu Bushinwa bw'iki gihe, Intangiriro y'itumba ikomeje kwizihizwa, nubwo hari impinduka zimwe na zimwe mu migenzo n'imigenzo. Mugihe imihango myinshi gakondo yarazigamwe, imibereho ya kijyambere nayo yagize uruhare muburyo abantu bubahiriza iri jambo ryizuba. Ibisagara hamwe nimiterere yihuse yubuzima bwiki gihe byatumye habaho ihinduka ryibanze, abantu benshi bashyira imbere korohereza imigenzo gakondo.

 

Ariko, intangiriro yintangiriro yimbeho ikomeza kuba ntamakemwa. Mu mijyi yo mu Bushinwa, abantu baracyishimira ibiryo byigihe kandi bakitabira guterana kwimiryango. Ijambo riributsa imiterere yubuzima bwubuzima nakamaro ko guhuza nibihe bihinduka. Irashishikariza abantu gutekereza ku mibereho yabo, gushyiraho imigambi mu mezi ari imbere, no kwakira urugwiro rw'umuryango n'umuryango.

 

Umwanzuro

 

Intangiriro yimbeho ni ijambo ryizuba rikomeye muri kalendari yubushinwa, bikerekana inzibacyuho mugihe cyubukonje bwumwaka. Inkomoko yamateka yashinze imizi mubikorwa byubuhinzi, imihango yumuco, no kubahiriza injyana ya kamere. Nkigihe cyo gutekereza, kwitegura, nabaturage, Intangiriro yimbeho ikomeje kugira akamaro muri societe yubushinwa.

 

Gusobanukirwa n'akamaro k'iri jambo ry'izuba ntabwo bidushimisha gusa gushimira umuco w'Abashinwa ahubwo binagaragaza insanganyamatsiko rusange y'impinduka, kwihangana, n'akamaro ko guhuza ibidukikije na mugenzi wawe. Mugihe twakiriye ubukonje bwimbeho, twibutswa ubushyuhe buturuka mumuryango, inshuti, hamwe nubunararibonye dusangiye biduhuza.